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{{short description|Iranian American scientist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Pardis Sabeti
| birth_name = Pardis Christine Sabeti
| image = Pardis Sabeti - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA.jpg
| caption = Sabeti in 2011
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1975|12|25}}
| birth_place = [[Tehran]], [[Pahlavi Iran|Iran]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| fields = [[Extended evolutionary synthesis|Evolutionary genetics]]<br />[[Genetic epidemiology]]<br />[[Computational biology]]
| workplaces = [[Harvard University]]<br />[[Broad Institute]]<br />[[Howard Hughes Medical Institute]]
| education = [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]])<br />{{nowrap|[[New College, Oxford]] ([[Master of Science|MSc]], [[DPhil]])}}<br />[[Harvard Medical School|Harvard University]] ([[Doctor of Medicine|MD]])
| doctoral_advisor = Ryk Ward<br />Anthony Boyce<ref name=dphil/>
| thesis_url = https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410671
| thesis_title = The Effects of Natural Selection and Recombination on Genetic Diversity in Humans: An Investigation of Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria in African Populations
| thesis_year = 2002
| awards = [[TIME 100]]<br />[[National Academy of Medicine]]
| website = {{url|sabetilab.org/pardissabeti|Official website}}
}}
'''Pardis Christine Sabeti''' ({{langx|fa|پردیس ثابتی}}; born December 25, 1975) is an Iranian-American [[computational biologist]], [[medical genetics|medical geneticist]], and [[Extended evolutionary synthesis|evolutionary geneticist]].<ref name=epmc>{{EuropePMC|ORCID=0000-0002-9843-1890}}</ref> She is a professor in the Center for Systems Biology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology at [[Harvard University]], professor of Immunology and Infectious Disease at the [[Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health]], core institute member at the [[Broad Institute]], and an investigator of the [[Howard Hughes Medical Institute]].<ref>{{cite web |title=FAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University |url=http://sysbio.harvard.edu/csb/research/sabeti.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517115809/http://sysbio.harvard.edu/csb/research/sabeti.html |archive-date=2008-05-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-07-06 |title=Pardis Sabeti |url=https://www.broadinstitute.org/bios/pardis-sabeti |access-date=2024-08-11 |website=@broadinstitute |language=en}}</ref>
Sabeti and her lab have pioneered technologies for detecting, tracking, and countering deadly pathogens, including Ebola,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gire |first1=Stephen K. |last2=Goba |first2=Augustine |last3=Andersen |first3=Kristian G. |last4=Sealfon |first4=Rachel S. G. |last5=Park |first5=Daniel J. |last6=Kanneh |first6=Lansana |last7=Jalloh |first7=Simbirie |last8=Momoh |first8=Mambu |last9=Fullah |first9=Mohamed |last10=Dudas |first10=Gytis |last11=Wohl |first11=Shirlee |last12=Moses |first12=Lina M. |last13=Yozwiak |first13=Nathan L. |last14=Winnicki |first14=Sarah |last15=Matranga |first15=Christian B. |date=2014-09-12 |title=Genomic surveillance elucidates Ebola virus origin and transmission during the 2014 outbreak |journal=Science |language=en |volume=345 |issue=6202 |pages=1369–1372 |doi=10.1126/science.1259657 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=4431643 |pmid=25214632|bibcode=2014Sci...345.1369G }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Park |first1=Daniel J. |last2=Dudas |first2=Gytis |last3=Wohl |first3=Shirlee |last4=Goba |first4=Augustine |last5=Whitmer |first5=Shannon L.M. |last6=Andersen |first6=Kristian G. |last7=Sealfon |first7=Rachel S. |last8=Ladner |first8=Jason T. |last9=Kugelman |first9=Jeffrey R. |last10=Matranga |first10=Christian B. |last11=Winnicki |first11=Sarah M. |last12=Qu |first12=James |last13=Gire |first13=Stephen K. |last14=Gladden-Young |first14=Adrianne |last15=Jalloh |first15=Simbirie |date=June 2015 |title=Ebola Virus Epidemiology, Transmission, and Evolution during Seven Months in Sierra Leone |journal=Cell |language=en |volume=161 |issue=7 |pages=1516–1526 |doi=10.1016/j.cell.2015.06.007 |pmc=4503805 |pmid=26091036}}</ref> Zika,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Metsky |first1=Hayden C. |last2=Matranga |first2=Christian B. |last3=Wohl |first3=Shirlee |last4=Schaffner |first4=Stephen F. |last5=Freije |first5=Catherine A. |last6=Winnicki |first6=Sarah M. |last7=West |first7=Kendra |last8=Qu |first8=James |last9=Baniecki |first9=Mary Lynn |last10=Gladden-Young |first10=Adrianne |last11=Lin |first11=Aaron E. |last12=Tomkins-Tinch |first12=Christopher H. |last13=Ye |first13=Simon H. |last14=Park |first14=Daniel J. |last15=Luo |first15=Cynthia Y. |date=2017-06-15 |title=Zika virus evolution and spread in the Americas |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=546 |issue=7658 |pages=411–415 |doi=10.1038/nature22402 |issn=0028-0836 |pmc=5563848 |pmid=28538734|bibcode=2017Natur.546..411M }}</ref> Lassa,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Andersen |first1=Kristian G. |last2=Shapiro |first2=B. Jesse |last3=Matranga |first3=Christian B. |last4=Sealfon |first4=Rachel |last5=Lin |first5=Aaron E. |last6=Moses |first6=Lina M. |last7=Folarin |first7=Onikepe A. |last8=Goba |first8=Augustine |last9=Odia |first9=Ikponwonsa |last10=Ehiane |first10=Philomena E. |last11=Momoh |first11=Mambu |last12=England |first12=Eleina M. |last13=Winnicki |first13=Sarah |last14=Branco |first14=Luis M. |last15=Gire |first15=Stephen K. |date=August 2015 |title=Clinical Sequencing Uncovers Origins and Evolution of Lassa Virus |journal=Cell |language=en |volume=162 |issue=4 |pages=738–750 |doi=10.1016/j.cell.2015.07.020 |pmc=4537774 |pmid=26276630}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Siddle |first1=Katherine J. |last2=Eromon |first2=Philomena |last3=Barnes |first3=Kayla G. |last4=Mehta |first4=Samar |last5=Oguzie |first5=Judith U. |last6=Odia |first6=Ikponmwosa |last7=Schaffner |first7=Stephen F. |last8=Winnicki |first8=Sarah M. |last9=Shah |first9=Rickey R. |last10=Qu |first10=James |last11=Wohl |first11=Shirlee |last12=Brehio |first12=Patrick |last13=Iruolagbe |first13=Christopher |last14=Aiyepada |first14=John |last15=Uyigue |first15=Eghosa |date=November 2018 |title=Genomic Analysis of Lassa Virus during an Increase in Cases in Nigeria in 2018 |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |language=en |volume=379 |issue=18 |pages=1745–1753 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa1804498 |issn=0028-4793 |pmc=6181183 |pmid=30332564}}</ref> and SARS-CoV-2.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Lemieux |first1=Jacob E. |last2=Siddle |first2=Katherine J. |last3=Shaw |first3=Bennett M. |last4=Loreth |first4=Christine |last5=Schaffner |first5=Stephen F. |last6=Gladden-Young |first6=Adrianne |last7=Adams |first7=Gordon |last8=Fink |first8=Timelia |last9=Tomkins-Tinch |first9=Christopher H. |last10=Krasilnikova |first10=Lydia A. |last11=DeRuff |first11=Katherine C. |last12=Rudy |first12=Melissa |last13=Bauer |first13=Matthew R. |last14=Lagerborg |first14=Kim A. |last15=Normandin |first15=Erica |date=2021-02-05 |title=Phylogenetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in Boston highlights the impact of superspreading events |journal=Science |language=en |volume=371 |issue=6529 |doi=10.1126/science.abe3261 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=7857412 |pmid=33303686}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Siddle |first1=Katherine J. |last2=Krasilnikova |first2=Lydia A. |last3=Moreno |first3=Gage K. |last4=Schaffner |first4=Stephen F. |last5=Vostok |first5=Johanna |last6=Fitzgerald |first6=Nicholas A. |last7=Lemieux |first7=Jacob E. |last8=Barkas |first8=Nikolaos |last9=Loreth |first9=Christine |last10=Specht |first10=Ivan |last11=Tomkins-Tinch |first11=Christopher H. |last12=Paull |first12=Jillian S. |last13=Schaeffer |first13=Beau |last14=Taylor |first14=Bradford P. |last15=Loftness |first15=Bryn |date=February 2022 |title=Transmission from vaccinated individuals in a large SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant outbreak |journal=Cell |language=en |volume=185 |issue=3 |pages=485–492.e10 |doi=10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.027 |pmc=8695126 |pmid=35051367}}</ref> They have also created some of the most powerful algorithms and molecular tools to characterize the human genome and methods for gene delivery of new biomedicines to specific tissues.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Sabeti |first1=Pardis C. |last2=Reich |first2=David E. |last3=Higgins |first3=John M. |last4=Levine |first4=Haninah Z. P. |last5=Richter |first5=Daniel J. |last6=Schaffner |first6=Stephen F. |last7=Gabriel |first7=Stacey B. |last8=Platko |first8=Jill V. |last9=Patterson |first9=Nick J. |last10=McDonald |first10=Gavin J. |last11=Ackerman |first11=Hans C. |last12=Campbell |first12=Sarah J. |last13=Altshuler |first13=David |last14=Cooper |first14=Richard |last15=Kwiatkowski |first15=Dominic |date=October 2002 |title=Detecting recent positive selection in the human genome from haplotype structure |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nature01140 |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=419 |issue=6909 |pages=832–837 |doi=10.1038/nature01140 |pmid=12397357 |bibcode=2002Natur.419..832S |issn=0028-0836}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=The International HapMap Consortium |last2=Sabeti |first2=Pardis C. |last3=Varilly |first3=Patrick |last4=Fry |first4=Ben |last5=Lohmueller |first5=Jason |last6=Hostetter |first6=Elizabeth |last7=Cotsapas |first7=Chris |last8=Xie |first8=Xiaohui |last9=Byrne |first9=Elizabeth H. |last10=McCarroll |first10=Steven A. |last11=Gaudet |first11=Rachelle |last12=Schaffner |first12=Stephen F. |last13=Lander |first13=Eric S. |date=October 2007 |title=Genome-wide detection and characterization of positive selection in human populations |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=449 |issue=7164 |pages=913–918 |doi=10.1038/nature06250 |issn=0028-0836 |pmc=2687721 |pmid=17943131|bibcode=2007Natur.449..913S }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Tewhey |first1=Ryan |last2=Kotliar |first2=Dylan |last3=Park |first3=Daniel S. |last4=Liu |first4=Brandon |last5=Winnicki |first5=Sarah |last6=Reilly |first6=Steven K. |last7=Andersen |first7=Kristian G. |last8=Mikkelsen |first8=Tarjei S. |last9=Lander |first9=Eric S. |last10=Schaffner |first10=Stephen F. |last11=Sabeti |first11=Pardis C. |date=June 2016 |title=Direct Identification of Hundreds of Expression-Modulating Variants using a Multiplexed Reporter Assay |journal=Cell |language=en |volume=165 |issue=6 |pages=1519–1529 |doi=10.1016/j.cell.2016.04.027 |pmc=4957403 |pmid=27259153}}</ref>
Sabeti was named one of ''[[Time (magazine)|Time Magazine]]''<nowiki/>'s [[Time Person of the Year|Persons of the Year]] in 2014 (Ebola Fighters), and one of the [[Time 100|''Time'' 100]] most influential people in 2015.<ref>{{Cite magazine|title=Pardis Sabeti|url=https://time.com/collection-post/3822958/pardis-sabeti-2015-time-100/|access-date=2020-10-30|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time Magazine]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|title=Person of the Year 2014: Read the Ebola Scientists' Stories|url=https://time.com/time-person-of-the-year-ebola-scientists/|access-date=2020-10-30|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time Magazine]]|date=10 December 2014 }}</ref> Her continued efforts including during the COVID-19 pandemic led her to receive a [[Time 100|''Time'' 100]] Impact Award and to be inducted into the [[National Academy of Medicine]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite magazine |date=2022-09-26 |title=Dr. Pardis Sabeti Is Changing How We Track Virus Outbreaks in Real Time |url=https://time.com/collection/time100-impact-awards/6215050/dr-pardis-sabeti-time100-impact-awards/ |access-date=2024-02-02 |magazine=Time |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Dr. Pardis Sabeti is elected to the National Academy of Medicine |url=https://africa.harvard.edu/news/dr-pardis-sabeti-elected-national-academy-medicine |access-date=2024-02-02 |website=africa.harvard.edu |language=en}}</ref> She is the current host of the educational series ''Against All Odds: Inside Statistics'' sponsored by [[Annenberg Learner]] and a [[Crash Course (YouTube)|Crash Course]] on ''Outbreak Science''<ref>{{cite web |title=Against All Odds, Inside Statistics |url=http://www.learner.org/resources/series65.html |website=Annenberg Learner |publisher=Annenberg Foundation |access-date=18 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151130054629/http://www.learner.org/resources/series65.html |archive-date=30 November 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Citation |title=What Is Outbreak Science? Crash Course Outbreak Science #1 | date=7 September 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_qAzXb7mA2g |access-date=2024-02-02 |language=en}}</ref> and is the lead singer and a writer for the rock band Thousand Days.<ref name="cnn">{{cite news |last=Furman |first=Eric |date=2007-07-16 |title=Geniuses who will change your life |url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/LIVING/wayoflife/07/13/genius.scientists/index.html?eref=rss_tech |access-date=2007-07-27 |work=[[CNN]].com}}</ref><ref name="boston.com">{{cite news |last=Kahn |first=Joseph |date=2008-06-14 |title=Infectious melodies |url=http://www.boston.com/ae/music/articles/2008/06/14/infectious_melodies/ |access-date=2012-06-14 |newspaper=Boston.com}}</ref><ref name="thousanddays">{{cite web |date=2008-06-14 |title=bio |url=http://thousanddays.com/bio/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130328074707/http://www.thousanddays.com/bio |archive-date=2013-03-28 |access-date=2013-10-12 |publisher=thousand days}}</ref>
==Early life and education==
Sabeti was born in 1975 in [[Tehran]], [[Iran]], to Nasrin and [[Parviz Sabeti]]. Her father came from a [[Baháʼí Faith]] family but never officially joined as a member<ref>Minority Rights Group Report, Volumes 2-51, The group 1982, page 114.</ref><ref>Iran's secret pogrom: the conspiracy to wipe out the Baháʼís, Geoffrey Nash, N. Sge 50.</ref> and was the deputy in [[SAVAK]], Iran's intelligence agency, and a high ranking security official in [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Shah]]'s regime.<ref name=rock /><ref name=system>{{cite web |url = http://paaia.org/CMS/pardis-sabeti.aspx |title =Dr. Pardis Sabeti is a member of PAAIA
}}</ref>
Her family fled Iran in October 1978, shortly before the [[Iranian Revolution]], when Sabeti was two years old,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/medical-musical-journeys-an-interview-with-one-of_us_56ba3ec2e4b07909e6fe19f8|title=Medical & Musical Journeys: An Interview with One of Time's Persons of the Year, Pardis Sabeti|date=2016-02-10|website=The Huffington Post|access-date=2016-05-01}}</ref> and found sanctuary in [[Florida]].<ref name="rock">{{cite web |url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/Pardis-Sabeti-the-Rollerblading-Rock-Star-Scientist-of-Harvard-179988881.html |title=Pardis Sabeti, the Rollerblading Rock Star Scientist of Harvard | Science & Nature | Smithsonian Magazine |publisher=Smithsonianmag.com |access-date=2013-10-12 |archive-date=14 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014131120/http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/Pardis-Sabeti-the-Rollerblading-Rock-Star-Scientist-of-Harvard-179988881.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> As a child, Sabeti wanted to be a flower-shop owner, novelist, or doctor.<ref name="tech.mit.edu">{{Cite web |title=Three from MIT Named Rhodes, Marshall Scholars - The Tech |url=http://tech.mit.edu/V116/N65/scholars.65n.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511145235/http://tech.mit.edu/V116/N65/scholars.65n.html |archive-date=11 May 2016 |access-date=2016-05-28 |website=tech.mit.edu}}</ref><ref name="The Rhodes Project">{{Cite web|url=http://rhodesproject.com/pardis-sabeti-profile/|title=Pardis Sabeti Profile|website=The Rhodes Project|access-date=2016-05-01}}</ref> However, she was most passionate about math.<ref name="The Rhodes Project" /> She had a sister, Parisa, who was 2 years older.<ref name="rock" /> Growing up, Parisa taught Pardis the course material she had learned the year before in school, leading Pardis to be "almost two years ahead of her classmates" when the school year began.<ref name="rock" /> Throughout her life, Sabeti played many sports including competitive tennis.<ref name="www.thecrimson.com">{{Cite web |title=Fifteen Professors to Meet {{!}} Magazine {{!}} The Harvard Crimson |url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2015/9/17/fifteen-to-meet-2015/ |access-date=2016-05-01 |website=www.thecrimson.com}}</ref>
Sabeti went to [[Trinity Preparatory School]] in [[Florida]]. In high school, she was a [[National Merit Scholarship Program|National Merit Scholar]], [[class president]], [[valedictorian]], and member of the Varsity tennis team.<ref name="rock" /> She additionally attributes part of her inspiration towards infectious disease research to the 1995 movie [[Outbreak (1995 film)|''Outbreak'']].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Medina|first=Kai|date=December 2020|title=Surrounding yourself with the best people|url=https://kaimedinae.wixsite.com/notkia/influentialwomen|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=KaiMedinaE}}</ref>
Sabeti attended the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (MIT), where she was a member of the varsity tennis team and class president, graduating in 1997 with a major in biology and a "perfect 5.0 average."<ref name="rock" /> At MIT, she began her research career in [[David Bartel]]'s laboratory<ref name="pmid9375255">{{cite journal|vauthors=Sabeti PC, Unrau PJ, Bartel DP | title=Accessing rare activities from random RNA sequences: the importance of the length of molecules in the starting pool. | journal=Chem Biol | year= 1997 | volume= 4 | issue= 10 | pages= 767–74 | pmid=9375255 | doi= 10.1016/s1074-5521(97)90315-x| doi-access= free }}</ref> and was advised by [[Eric Lander]],<ref name="bwf" /> and was a teaching assistant for undergraduate courses in genetics and biochemistry.<ref name="tech.mit.edu" /> She created the MIT Freshman Leadership Program <ref>{{Cite web |date=1996-10-23 |title=New freshman program encourages unity and diversity |url=https://news.mit.edu/1996/freshmen-1023 |access-date=2024-08-11 |website=MIT News {{!}} Massachusetts Institute of Technology |language=en}}</ref> and pioneered the school's larger pre-orientation programming.
Sabeti was selected as [[Rhodes Scholar]] and completed a masters in human biology than doctorate work in [[Population genetics|evolutionary genetics]] in 2002,<ref name="dphil">{{cite thesis|first=Pardis Christine|last=Sabeti|year=2002|degree=DPhil|publisher=University of Oxford|title=The effects of natural selection and recombination on genetic diversity in humans : an investigation of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in African populations|oclc=64594684|id={{EThOS|uk.bl.ethos.410671}}|url=https://copac.jisc.ac.uk/id/7414921?style=html|website=jisc.ac.uk|access-date=2019-03-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190307054138/https://copac.jisc.ac.uk/id/7414921?style=html|archive-date=2019-03-07|url-status=dead}}</ref> at [[New College, Oxford]], earning a M.Sc. and D.Phil. She went on to complete a [[Doctor of Medicine]] (M.D.) at [[Harvard Medical School]] in 2006 ''[[summa cum laude]]'', being the third woman to receive this honor since the school had begun accepting female students.<ref name="bwf" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.broadinstitute.org/news/193|title=Broad scientist Pardis Sabeti receives prestigious research awards {{!}} Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard|website=www.broadinstitute.org|date=14 June 2006 |access-date=2016-05-28}}</ref> [[The Paul & Daisy Soros Fellowships for New Americans]] supported her medical studies.<ref name="bwf">{{cite web
|url = http://www.bwfund.org/page.php?mode=privateview&pageID=277
|title = Burroughs Wellcome Fund Awardee Profile of Pardis Sabeti
|access-date = 2007-10-12
|last = Oskin
|first = Becky
|date = 2006-06-14
|archive-date = 2019-12-14
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191214063819/https://www.bwfund.org/newsroom/awardee-profiles/awardee-profile-pardis-sabeti
|url-status = dead
}}</ref> Initially, Sabeti planned to enter medicine and become a doctor, she decided to pursue research instead after completing medical school and discovering she preferred research to medicine.<ref name="The Rhodes Project" />
== Career and research ==
=== Human Genetics ===
As a graduate student at Oxford and [[postdoctoral]] [[fellow]] with [[Eric Lander]] at the [[Broad Institute]], Sabeti developed a family of statistical tests that identify regions of the genome under [[Natural selection|positive natural selection]], by identifying common genetic variants found on unusually long [[haplotypes]]. Her tests, extended haplotype homozygosity (EHH), the long-range haplotype (LRH) test, and cross population extended haplotype homozygosity (XP-EHH), are designed to detect advantageous mutations whose frequency in human populations has risen rapidly over the last 10,000 years.<ref name="Nature2002">{{Cite journal |last1=Sabeti |first1=P. C. |last2=Reich |first2=D. E. |last3=Higgins |first3=J. M. |last4=Levine |first4=H. Z. P. |last5=Richter |first5=D. J. |last6=Schaffner |first6=S. F. |last7=Gabriel |first7=S. B. |last8=Platko |first8=J. V. |last9=Patterson |first9=N. J. |last10=McDonald |first10=G. J. |last11=Ackerman |first11=H. C. |last12=Campbell |first12=S. J. |last13=Altshuler |first13=D. |last14=Cooper |first14=R. |last15=Kwiatkowski |first15=D. |year=2002 |title=Detecting recent positive selection in the human genome from haplotype structure |journal=Nature |volume=419 |issue=6909 |pages=832–837 |bibcode=2002Natur.419..832S |doi=10.1038/nature01140 |pmid=12397357 |s2cid=4404534 |last16=Ward |first16=R. |last17=Lander |first17=E. S.}}</ref><ref name="Sabeti et al">{{Cite journal |last1=Sabeti |first1=Pardis C. |author-link1=Pardis Sabeti |last2=Varilly |first2=Patrick |last3=Fry |first3=Ben |last4=Lohmueller |first4=Jason |last5=Hostetter |first5=Elizabeth |last6=Cotsapas |first6=Chris |last7=Xie |first7=Xiaohui |last8=Byrne |first8=Elizabeth H. |last9=McCarroll |first9=Steven A. |last10=Gaudet |first10=Rachelle |last11=Schaffner |first11=Stephen F. |last12=Lander |first12=Eric S. |author13=The International HapMap Consortium |last14=Frazer |first14=Kelly A. |last15=Ballinger |first15=Dennis G. |display-authors=29 |year=2007 |title=Genome-wide detection and characterization of positive selection in human populations |journal=Nature |volume=449 |issue=7164 |pages=913–918 |bibcode=2007Natur.449..913S |doi=10.1038/nature06250 |pmc=2687721 |pmid=17943131 |last16=Cox |first16=David R. |last17=Hinds |first17=David A. |last18=Stuve |first18=Laura L. |last19=Gibbs |first19=Richard A. |last20=Belmont |first20=John W. |last21=Boudreau |first21=Andrew |last22=Hardenbol |first22=Paul |last23=Leal |first23=Suzanne M. |last24=Pasternak |first24=Shiran |last25=Wheeler |first25=David A. |last26=Willis |first26=Thomas D. |last27=Yu |first27=Fuli |last28=Yang |first28=Huanming |last29=Zeng |first29=Changqing Zeng |last30=Gao |first30=Yang}}</ref><ref name="packard">{{cite web|url=http://www.packard.org/what-we-fund/conservation-and-science/packard-fellowships-for-science-and-engineering/fellowship-directory/sabeti-pardis/|title=Packard Foundation Fellowship Directory: Pardis Sabeti|access-date=2012-06-14|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413095746/https://www.packard.org/what-we-fund/science/packard-fellowships-for-science-and-engineering/fellowship-directory/sabeti-pardis/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="nih">{{cite web|url=http://www.iranreview.org/content/Documents/Iranian_Scientist_Wins_NIH_2009_Innovator_Award.htm|title=Iranian Scientist Wins NIH 2009 Innovator Award|date=2009-10-24|access-date=2012-06-14}}</ref><ref name="mine">{{Cite journal |last1=Reshef |first1=D. N. |last2=Reshef |first2=Y. A. |last3=Finucane |first3=H. K. |author-link3=Hilary Finucane |last4=Grossman |first4=S. R. |last5=McVean |first5=G. |author-link5=Gilean McVean |last6=Turnbaugh |first6=P. J. |last7=Lander |first7=E. S. |author-link7=Eric Lander |last8=Mitzenmacher |first8=M. |last9=Sabeti |first9=P. C. |author-link9=Pardis Sabeti |year=2011 |title=Detecting Novel Associations in Large Data Sets |journal=Science |volume=334 |issue=6062 |pages=1518–1524 |bibcode=2011Sci...334.1518R |doi=10.1126/science.1205438 |pmc=3325791 |pmid=22174245}}</ref><ref name="sso">{{cite web |last=Deen |first=Lango |date=2005-07-25 |title=One-on-One with Pardis Sabeti |url=http://www.sciencespectrumonline.com/artman/publish/article_24.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928062611/http://www.sciencespectrumonline.com/artman/publish/article_24.shtml |archive-date=2007-09-28 |access-date=2007-07-27 |work=Science Spectrum Online}}</ref><ref name="cnn" /> As a faculty member at Harvard, Sabeti and her group have developed a statistical test to pinpoint signals of selection, the Composite of Multiple Signals (CMS),<ref name="CMS">{{Cite journal | last1 = Grossman | first1 = S. R. | last2 = Shlyakhter | first2 = I. | last3 = Karlsson | first3 = E. K. | last4 = Byrne | first4 = E. H. | last5 = Morales | first5 = S. | last6 = Frieden | first6 = G. | last7 = Hostetter | first7 = E. | last8 = Angelino | first8 = E. | last9 = Garber | first9 = M. | doi = 10.1126/science.1183863 | last10 = Zuk | first10 = O. | last11 = Lander | first11 = E. S. | last12 = Schaffner | first12 = S. F. | last13 = Sabeti | first13 = P. C. | title = A Composite of Multiple Signals Distinguishes Causal Variants in Regions of Positive Selection | journal = Science | volume = 327 | issue = 5967 | pages = 883–886 | year = 2010 | pmid = 20056855| citeseerx = 10.1.1.230.5254 | bibcode = 2010Sci...327..883G | s2cid = 9751422 }}</ref>
=== Infectious Disease ===
In 2014, having worked for a decade together in West Africa on Lassa fever and other infectious diseases, Sabeti and [[Christian Happi]], a Cameroonian-Nigerian geneticist, and their teams launched the African Center of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Disease (ACEGID) to enhance pathogen surveillance and education in Africa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About ACEGID – ACEGID |url=https://acegid.org/about-acegid/ |access-date=2024-02-02 |language=en-US}}</ref> Their efforts in the [[Ebola outbreak in West Africa]] helped identify the first cases in Sierra Leone and Nigeria, and advanced [[genomic sequencing]] technology to identify a single point of infection from an animal reservoir to a human.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kolata |first=Gina |date=2014-12-01 |title=Sifting Through Genes in Search of Answers on Ebola |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/02/science/factory-direct-virus-analysis.html |access-date=2016-05-28 |newspaper=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> [[RNA]] changes further suggested that the first human infection was followed by exclusive human to human transmissions.<ref>[http://www.nih.gov/news/health/aug2014/od-29.htm Single animal to human transmission event responsible for 2014 Ebola outbreak] [[NIH]] press release, August 29, 2014</ref> They also showed the virus was mutating to be able to infect human cells more easily.
Sabeti's team continued to support outbreak response, developing and deploying genomic and computational tools to elucidate the origins, evolution, and community transmission of viruses. During the Zika epidemic in 2016, Sabeti's team assembled the largest sequencing study of the virus and showed the virus was circulating undetected for many months.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Metsky |first1=Hayden C. |last2=Matranga |first2=Christian B. |last3=Wohl |first3=Shirlee |last4=Schaffner |first4=Stephen F. |last5=Freije |first5=Catherine A. |last6=Winnicki |first6=Sarah M. |last7=West |first7=Kendra |last8=Qu |first8=James |last9=Baniecki |first9=Mary Lynn |last10=Gladden-Young |first10=Adrianne |last11=Lin |first11=Aaron E. |last12=Tomkins-Tinch |first12=Christopher H. |last13=Ye |first13=Simon H. |last14=Park |first14=Daniel J. |last15=Luo |first15=Cynthia Y. |date=2017-06-15 |title=Zika virus evolution and spread in the Americas |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=546 |issue=7658 |pages=411–415 |doi=10.1038/nature22402 |issn=0028-0836 |pmc=5563848 |pmid=28538734|bibcode=2017Natur.546..411M }}</ref> During the 2018 Lassa fever outbreak in Nigeria, her and Happi's team rapidly sequenced the virus on ground in the country, providing real-time feedback to the Nigeria CDC on the origins and spread of the outbreak. During COVID-19, her team led genomic investigations that elucidated the first superspreader events, variants of concern, and transmission from vaccinated individuals. In 2019, Sabeti and Happi's teams were awarded funding from the TED Audacious Project to build Sentinel, a pandemic pre-emption and response system."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bazelon |first=Emily |date=3 June 2020 |title=What Will College Be Like in the Fall? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/03/magazine/covid-college-fall.html?language=en |access-date=2020-06-03 |newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Siliezar |first=Juan |date=13 May 2020 |title=Responding to this pandemic, preparing for the next |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/05/pardis-sabetis-work-on-infectious-disease-coronavirus/?language=en |access-date=2020-06-03 |website=www.harvard.edu}}</ref>
=== Other contributions ===
Her lab developed a family of statistical tests to detect and characterize correlations in datasets of any kind, maximal information non-parametric exploration (MINE).<ref name="mine" /> Sabeti has via her collaboration with [[Michael Mitzenmacher]] an [[Erdős number]] of 3.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Reshef |first1=Yakir A. |last2=Reshef |first2=David N. |last3=Finucane |first3=Hilary K. |author-link3=Hilary Finucane |last4=Sabeti |first4=Pardis C. |last5=Mitzenmacher |first5=Michael |author-link5=Michael Mitzenmacher |year=2016 |title=Measuring dependence powerfully and equitably |url= |journal=[[Journal of Machine Learning Research|J. Mach. Learn. Res.]] |volume=17 |issue=212 |pages=63 |arxiv=1505.02213}}</ref> In February 2021 Sabeti co-authored a paper on how a certain level of [[COVID-19]] anti-bodies may provide lasting protection against the virus, studying 4300 employees of [[SpaceX]] with its CEO [[Elon Musk]].<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.foxbusiness.com/technology/elon-musk-got-4000-spacex-workers-to-join-a-covid-19-study-heres-what-he-learned |title= Elon Musk got 4,000 SpaceX workers to join a COVID-19 study. Here's what he learned. |website= [[Wall Street Journal]] |via= [[foxbusiness.com]] |first= Sarah |last= Krouse |date= 2021-02-21 |access-date=2021-02-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title= Discrete SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers track with functional humoral stability |journal= [[Nature Communications]] | doi = 10.1038/s41467-021-21336-8 |first1= Yannic C. |last1= Bartsch |first2= Stephanie |last2= Fischinger |first3= Sameed M. |last3= Siddiqui |first4= Zhilin |last4= Chen |first5= Jingyou |last5= Yu |first6= Makda |last6= Gebre |first7= Caroline |last7= Atyeo |first8= Matthew J. |last8= Gorman |first9= Alex Lee |last9= Zhu |first10= Jaewon |last10= Kang |first11= John S. |last11= Burke |first12= Matthew |last12= Slein |first13= Matthew J. |last13= Gluck |first14= Samuel |last14= Beger |first15= Yiyuan |last15= Hu |first16=Justin |last16= Rhee |first17= Eric |last17= Petersen |first18= Benjamin |last18= Mormann |first19= Michael |last19= de St Aubin |first20= Mohammad A. |last20= Hasdianda |first21= Guruprasad |last21= Jambaulikar |first22=Edward W. |last22= Boyer |first23=Pardis C. |last23= Sabeti |first24= Dan H. |last24= Barouch |author-link24= Dan Barouch |first25= Boris D. |last25= Julg |first26= Elon R. |last26= Musk |author-link26= Elon Musk |first27= Anil S. |last27= Menon |first28= Douglas A. |last28= Lauffenburger |author-link28= Doug Lauffenburger |first29= Eric J. |last29= Nilles |first30= Galit |last30= Alter |author-link30= Galit Alter |date=2021-02-15 |volume= 12 |issue= 1 |page= 1018 |pmid= 33589636 |pmc= 7884400 |bibcode= 2021NatCo..12.1018B |doi-access= free }}</ref>
==== Outreach and Teaching ====
In May 2015, she delivered a [[TED (conference)|TED Talk]], called "How we'll fight the next deadly virus."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sabeti |first=Pardis |date=4 February 2016 |title=How we'll fight the next deadly virus |url=https://www.ted.com/talks/pardis_sabeti_how_we_ll_fight_the_next_deadly_virus?language=en |access-date=2016-05-19 |website=www.ted.com}}</ref> In September 2021, Sabeti joined the YouTube channel [[Crash Course (YouTube)|Crash Course]] to host its series on Outbreak Science. Sabeti hosted the Against All Odds video series with the goal of explaining statistics to high school and college students.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Against all odds |url=https://www.learner.org/series/against-all-odds-inside-statistics/}}</ref> Sabeti is an annual participant in the Distinguished Lecture Series at the acclaimed [[Research Science Institute]] at MIT for high school students.
== Awards and honors ==
Sabeti was the 2012 recipient of ''[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]'' magazine's American Ingenuity Award in the Natural Sciences category. In 2014, she received the [[Vilcek Foundation|Vilcek Prize for Creative Promise]] in Biomedical Science.<ref>{{Cite web|title = The Vilcek Foundation -|url = http://www.vilcek.org/news/current-news/vilcek-prizewinner-spotlight-pardis-sabeti.html|website = www.vilcek.org|access-date = 2015-12-09|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160625011322/http://www.vilcek.org/news/current-news/vilcek-prizewinner-spotlight-pardis-sabeti.html|archive-date = 2016-06-25|url-status = dead}}</ref> She is a [[World Economic Forum]] [[Young Global Leaders|Young Global Leader]] and a [[National Geographic Society|National Geographic]] Emerging Explorer.
In addition to being named one of ''[[Time (magazine)|Time Magazine]]''<nowiki/>'s [[Time Person of the Year|Persons of the Year]] in 2014 (Ebola Fighters), Sabeti was listed as one of ''Time Magazine''<nowiki/>'s 100 most influential people in 2015, and was awarded the [[Time 100|''Time'' 100]] Impact Award in 2022.<ref name="J. Craig Venter">{{citation|author=J. Craig Venter|title=The 100 Most Influential People: Pardis Sabeti|date=April 16, 2015|url=https://time.com/collection-post/3822958/pardis-sabeti-2015-time-100/|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|author-link=Craig Venter}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Sabeti was on the list of the BBC's [[100 Women (BBC)|100 Women]] announced on 23 November 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-11-23 |title=BBC 100 Women 2020: Who is on the list this year? |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-55042935 |access-date=2020-11-23 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref>
In 2015, Sabeti was selected for the prestigious Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator award.<ref name="HHMI">{{cite web
|url = https://www.hhmi.org/news/hhmi-selects-26-nations-top-biomedical-scientists
|title =HHMI Selects 26 of the Nation's Top Biomedical Scientists
|access-date = 2015-06-02
|date = 2015-05-19}}</ref> She has also received a Burroughs Wellcome Fund Career Award in the Biomedical Sciences,<ref name="broad">{{cite web|url=http://www.broad.mit.edu/cgi-bin/news/display_news.cgi?id=1641|title=Broad scientist Pardis Sabeti receives prestigious research awards|last=Davis|first=Nicole|date=2006-06-14|access-date=2007-10-12|archive-date=19 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060919200407/http://www.broad.mit.edu/cgi-bin/news/display_news.cgi?id=1641|url-status=dead}}</ref> a Packard Foundation award in Science and Engineering,<ref name="packard" /> and an [[NIH Director's New Innovator Award]],<ref name="nih" /> and a [[L'Oréal]] for Women in Science Fellowship.
Sabeti was inducted in the [[National Academy of Medicine]] in 2020.<ref name=":1" />
== Personal life ==
Sabeti is the lead singer and songwriter for the rock band Thousand Days.<ref name="cnn" /><ref name="boston.com"/><ref name="thousanddays"/> In her spare time, Sabeti enjoys playing volleyball and participates in Harvard's summer volleyball league.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pardis Sabeti Profile |url=http://rhodesproject.com/pardis-sabeti-profile |website=The Rhodes Project }}</ref>
On July 17, 2015, Sabeti suffered a near-fatal accident at a conference in Montana.<ref name="www.thecrimson.com" /> She was a passenger in an [[All-terrain vehicle|ATV]] that went over a cliff, and catapulted onto boulders. She shattered her pelvis and knees, and sustained a brain injury.<ref name="www.thecrimson.com" /> She completed rehab to return to teaching.<ref name="www.thecrimson.com" />
==Filmography==
* ''Against All Odds'' ... Host (32 episodes)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.learner.org/series/against-all-odds-inside-statistics/|title=Against All Odds: Inside Statistics|website=Annenberg Learner}}</ref>
* ''Crash Course - Outbreak Science'' Host (15 episodes)<ref name=":2" />
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==External links==
{{commons category|Pardis Sabeti}}
{{Scholia|author}}
* {{cite web|title=Pardis Sabeti: Award-winning computational geneticist by day, indie rock singer by night|author=Annie Reneau|website=Upworthy|date=4 Nov 2019|language=en|url=https://www.upworthy.com/paradis-sabeti-packard-fellowship?}}
*[https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sciencenow/0302/04.html "Profile: Pardis Sabeti" on ''NOVA: Science Now'', 2008 June]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170202042101/http://network.nature.com/boston/news/Profile/2007/07/31/science-meets-mtv Science meets MTV: Broad Institute geneticist and rock singer Pardis Sabeti merges lab culture with pop culture (Nature Network Boston, 2007 July 31)]
*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/ahibadi/sets/72157605798942179 Thousand Days Photos (2007 May 10)]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070705174221/http://focus.hms.harvard.edu/2005/Nov11_2005/population_genetics.shtml Genetic Road Map Drawn for Tracing Route To Common Diseases]
*Video. [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/pardis-sabeti.html Profile: Pardis Sabeti]. ''NOVA scienceNOW'', 07.02.2008.
*[http://www.bwfund.org/page.php?mode=privateview&pageID=277 Burroughs Wellcome Fund Annual Report Profile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214063819/https://www.bwfund.org/newsroom/awardee-profiles/awardee-profile-pardis-sabeti |date=2019-12-14 }}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sabeti, Pardis}}
[[Category:1975 births]]
[[Category:20th-century American scientists]]
[[Category:20th-century Iranian people]]
[[Category:21st-century American biologists]]
[[Category:21st-century Iranian people]]
[[Category:American people of Iranian descent]]
[[Category:American Rhodes Scholars]]
[[Category:Evolutionary biologists]]
[[Category:Harvard Medical School alumni]]
[[Category:Harvard University faculty]]
[[Category:Howard Hughes Medical Investigators]]
[[Category:Iranian biologists]]
[[Category:Iranian expatriate academics]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Paul & Daisy Soros Fellows]]
[[Category:Richard-Lounsbery Award laureates]]
[[Category:Statistical geneticists]]
[[Category:Systems biologists]]
[[Category:Women evolutionary biologists]]
[[Category:Trinity Preparatory School alumni]]
[[Category:Members of the National Academy of Medicine]]
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